For many organizations, there is a formal approach to the project lifecycle; it might even match that articulated by The Project Management Institute. Besides these processes we will be required to abide by the Theory of Constraints.

As project managers we know what project closure or close out is. What we don’t always know or do is that project closure starts at the beginning of the project.

Stakeholders are varied as projects themselves. Stakeholders often have competing objectives. Sometimes, these competing objectives are within a single stakeholder!