Should Requirement Quality be Measured?

Measuring requirement quality can reveal opportunities for long-term improvements in requirement definition, can show you where to invest for improvements, and can help you develop your team.

Opportunities for improvement

If requirement quality isn’t measured, there will be no future improvement in requirements. Every project – in terms of requirements quality – will be a rerun of the last project. No lessons learned. No forward progression.

Did your last project have rework? Were there any crisis situations in testing? Were there customer complaints? A review of the last project’s requirements may show you how to avoid some of those same headaches on your current and future projects. Read more »

Five Key Steps to Closing Down the Project

The post is made possible by the great people at Seavus, creators of online Project Management tools such as ProjectOffice.net, Project Viewer, and Project Planner.  Please visit their site for more information.

A lot of text and attention is given to how to start projects, and how to run projects. But process of properly closing down a project is overlooked. Why? Well, since I can say from experience that I’ve been guilty of this in the past, here are my reasons, at least:

• Implementation and transition to support happened so moving on seems reasonable
• Have 4-5 other projects I’m also managing
• Just received a new, hot project and I’m preparing for kickoff
• Problem-free implementation means no worries, right?

Look at that list…none of them are good excuses for just basically dropping the ball – and the customer – post-deployment. Things still need to happen, proper hand-offs may still need to be taken care of, information needs to be transitioned. It will happen anyway through frantic phone calls and emails, so why not take care of it in an organized fashion? Because we say we’re too busy…but that needs to change.

Here are my list of five key activities that should happen to ensure proper closure of the project you’ve just finished. Your list may differ and I’d love to hear from you if it does. Feel free to comment and share with our readers here on PMTips.

My list:

• Make sure all pertinent documents and deliverables have been signed off by the customer. You don’t want this coming back to you after the project is over – especially if there are any question marks our payments outstanding.
• Get a final signoff on implementation/solution acceptance. You may have the best relationship in the world with your customer, but don’t skip this step.
• Conduct a lessons learned session with the customer and your team. The information you glean from this type of session can be invaluable to you as a project manager going forward, to your customer as they go forth with the implemented solution, and to your tech support as they provide the ongoing support for the solution with the customer.
• Hold a proper handoff to tech support. Make sure they have all necessary information in order to properly support the client post-deployment.
• Keep in touch with the customer post-deployment. You may have a 30 or 60-day agreement to remain available to the customer and for your team to remain available before the formal transition to tech support. But don’t just drop them at that point, keep checking back. It’s good for your reputation with the customer and for your company’s reputation.

Project Management Templates

Over the past several couple of weeks I’ve discussed many project management-related templates and documents that are commonly used. And along the way over the past 10 months there have been a few other templates and documents discussed.

In an attempt to provide a one-stop document to link to all those templates and documents discussed so far, I’m going to pull them all into this article as a list with available links. Hopefully, having the accumulated list available in one place will be helpful to our readers.

Again, not all of these will be links to templates…some will merely be links to documents that have been discussed in greater detail in previous articles.

• Statement of Work
• Project Status Report
• Communication Plan
• Communication Plan
• Risk Management Plan
• Lessons Learned
• Lessons Learned
• Requirements Traceability Matrix
• Market Analysis
• Project Management Methodology
• Quality Management Plan
• Project Request Document
• Project Charter Document
• Business Case Document
• Change Order Request
• Change Order Request
• Resource Request
• Onsite Visit Progress Report
• Procurement Plan
• Lessons Learned Survey
• Disaster Recover Plan

Summary

As discussed in most of these articles, if having the actual template in a Word doc format would be helpful, just let me know and I’ll be happy to send it to you if I have it. In some cases, I may be able to send you an actual example document from a real project allowing you to better see how I’ve populated some of the information with meaningful data. I’ll revise and republish this article as I make more templates and documents on these and similar topics available that I think would be useful to our readers.

The Lessons Learned Survey

Another useful tool in the Lessons Learned process is the Lessons Learned Survey.  This is a survey that can be sent to team members during or after a project, to solicit their feedback on how the project was conducted. It applies to any project; and questions can easily be added to focus on additional areas for your project.

A survey like this can be very useful for capturing lessons learned from the project while they’re fresh in people’s mind. The results can be summarized and recommendations passed on to future teams.

It’s usually best to send this survey by email to members of the project team. Let them know that results can be kept anonymous (to encourage people to be frank in their assessments). Send out this survey before any group “lessons learned” meetings. The feedback you receive from the survey can help point to particular areas that should get special exploration in the group lessons learned meeting.

Again, use this if it’s meaningful to your projects – it’s just another template or project tool that I’ve picked up along the way and wanted to share with our readers.  I’ve found it to be helpful in gathering post-project information from my team members on several key projects.

Post-Project Survey

SECTION 1: General Project Issues and Communication

The questions are geared to your particular project but wherever appropriate you can comment about release-level issues too.

Note: add any particular comments you wish….

1. How clearly defined were the objectives for this project?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

2. How clearly defined were the objectives for your work?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

3. How clear were you on your role in the project?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

4. How adequately involved did you feel in project decisions?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

If you did not feel involved, what decisions did you feel left out of?

5. How efficient and effective were project team meetings?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

What would you change?

6. How efficient and effective were technical meetings?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

What would you change?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

8. How adequate has cross-functional participation been?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

What were the problems encountered in the project-functional area relationship, why, and how could they be fixed? What cross-functional participation, if any, was lacking?

9. Do you feel appreciated, recognized and rewarded for your efforts?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

What if anything has been lacking?

10. To what degree is do you feel the entire team was committed to the project schedule?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

What if any issues are there?

11. To what degree have any “people issues” gotten in the way?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

What issues?

12. What communication, organization, structural problems in general were encountered, and how could we have done better in these areas?

SECTION 2: Schedule Estimation Issues

NOTE: This survey isn’t intended to collect exhaustive data on everything right now. We might decide after the post-mortem to work with a sub-group to investigate certain estimation issues, in order to help us improve next time around. This survey just helps us ferret out the rough scope of any issues.

Which of the following estimation issues did you personally have and what was the impact?

___ I was diverted to work on another project full-time.

Project: ________________________________________ Diverted for how long? ________________

Impact on your project work: ____________________________________________________________

___ I overestimated the amount of time I would have each week to work on this project.

The other work that interfered was ________________________________________________________

The amount of time per week it took up was ________________________________________________

Impact: calendar schedule slip of ____days ____weeks ____ months

___ My initial schedule did not include some pieces of technical design or coding work that I subsequently realized I had to do.

Describe briefly: ______________________________________________________________________

Impact (additional hours of work): ________________________________________________________

___ My initial schedule did not take into account certain project “other” work such as attending other people’s design reviews, doing two rounds of my own design reviews, etc.

Describe: ____________________________________________________________________________

Impact: calendar slip to my work of __ days __ weeks __ months

___ My estimates for particular tasks were not accurate.

Describe: type of task, how “off” the estimate was (days, weeks).

Why was it difficult to estimate?

What would help produce better estimates next time?

__ I unexpectedly had to re-do some work.

Describe: (Did something in the system design change that forced you to redesign? Was there a spec misunderstanding? etc.)___

Impact on your schedule: _______________________________________________________________

What could have helped prevent the problem?

Knowing what you know now, how would you do the scheduling/estimating process differently next time to avoid any problems noted above?

SECTION 3: Design, Implementation, Test Processes

1. How effective was our architecture/system design process in phase 2 and 3?

__Very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:_________________________________________________________________________

2. How effective were our functional specs?

__very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:_________________________________________________________________________

3. How effective were our design (or implementation) specs?

__Very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:__________________________________________________________________________

4. How effective were our design reviews?

__Very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:_________________________________________________________________________

5. How effective were our code reviews or hardware reviews?

__Very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:_________________________________________________________________________

6. How well were interfaces defined?

__Very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:_________________________________________________________________________

7. How well were design and interface decisions documented?

__Very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:_________________________________________________________________________

8. How effective has interaction/cooperation between technical “Sub-teams” been?

___Very ____somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:_________________________________________________________________________

9. How useful was your unit testing?

__very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:_________________________________________________________________________

Did you take unit testing into account in your schedule? ______________________________________

10. How smooth do you feel Integration has been?

__very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments (why/why not?):___________________________________________________________

11. How comprehensive was integration testing, especially to allow SQA testing to get off to a good start?

__very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:_________________________________________________________________________

12. How well is the build process working?

__very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:_________________________________________________________________________

13. To what degree did you have the tools you needed for testing?

__very __somewhat ___not very ___not at all

Comments:_________________________________________________________________________

SECTION 4: Perceived Project Life Cycle, Development, or Process Issues

1. Is there any way in which you think our development process hampered this project?

If so, how?

2. What would you change about our development process?

3. What would you like to better understand or see better documented about how to use our process on this type of project?

SECTION 5: Closing

1. What were up to 5 main causes for schedule slips, and how could we avoid those causes in the future?

2. Was the project significantly delayed/hampered by outside dependencies (outside to the project, that is)? Which ones? How can we resolve these issues?

3. What were the main bottlenecks on the process?

4. What were the main sources of frustration in the project?

6. For the next project, how could we improve on the way project was conducted?

A Lessons Learned Template

Lessons Learned – often talked about, a discussion that is usually planned…but often forgotten.  You’re at the end of the project and the plan is to pull both teams together to go over lessons learned in great detail and for the benefit of all – but it often doesn’t happen.  Team members move on to other projects or post-deployment issues are taking up everyone’s time.

Lessons Learned sessions can be very helpful – and if you’re luck enough to keep yours on the project schedule, then this template may help you.  It looks a little rough pasted into this post and one of the tables turned into a bullet list, but I think you’ll get the idea.

As always, if you want the Word doc template, let me know…and please feel free to share your version as well.

PROJECT LESSONS-LEARNED DOCUMENT

The purpose of this template is to help the project team share knowledge gained from experience so that the entire organization may benefit. A successful Lessons-Learned program will help project teams:

• Repeat desirable outcomes
• Avoid undesirable outcomes.

A. Your project team should begin to use this document at its first project meeting. Continually recording Lessons-Learned throughout the project is the best way to ensure that they are accurately recorded. Topics to consider include all of the following (feel free to change the list). The Lessons Learned Checklist is also available as a guide to discussion.

B. At the end of your project, use this document to summarize your experience.

During your discussions:

• Be positive
• Do not place blame!
• Focus on successes as well as failures
• Indicate which strategies contributed to success
• Indicate which improvement strategies would have the greatest impact

The signatures above indicate an understanding of the purpose and content of this document by those signing it. By signing this document, they agree to this as the formal Project Lessons-Learned Document.